Year 5 Rationale

Autumn 1

Number (Place Value)

Year 5 begins with a Number and Place Value unit, building on the learning in Year 4 Autumn 1 when pupils developed a secure understanding of 1000s, 100s, 10s and 1s and rounded numbers to the nearest 10 and 100.  Now pupils apply their knowledge of rounding to also round numbers accurately to the nearest 1000. Once pupils are secure with this skill, they apply their place value knowledge from Year 4 to identify, read, write, count, order, compare and round numbers to 10 000, 100 000 and 1 million. This unit concludes with pupils building on their knowledge of negative numbers and roman numerals.

Number (Addition and Subtraction)

Pupils apply their knowledge of Number and Place Value to the Addition and Subtraction of Numbers. In Year 4 Autumn 1, pupils developed a secure understanding of the methods to add and subtract two 4-digit numbers firstly with no exchange or carrying, before progressing onto one carry and exchange and then more than one carry and exchange. Now pupils progress onto adding and subtracting whole numbers with more than four digits, using column written methods.  Pupils also develop an understanding of how to round to estimate and approximate their answers and how to calculate inverse operations to check their answers. This develops pupils’ ability to accurately choose the most efficient methods.  Pupils then apply these skills when solving multi-step addition and subtraction problems.

Number (Statistics)

Pupils build on their Statistics knowledge in Year 4 Summer 2, when they interpreted charts and made and interpreted line graphs by calculating the sum, difference and comparisons between different pieces of data. Now they continue to deepen their ability to read, interpret and draw line graphs and apply this knowledge to solve problems with line graphs.  Once pupils are secure with these skills, they progress onto reading and interpreting two way tables, before reading and interpreting timetables.

Autumn 2

Number (Multiplication and Division)

Autumn 2 begins with pupils building on their knowledge of Multiplication and Division in Year 4 Autumn 2, when they multiplied and divided numbers by 10 and 100 accurately. Now pupils apply this knowledge to also multiply and divide numbers by 1000 and to identifying multiples of 10, 100 and 1000.  This unit concludes with pupils accurately identifying multiples, factors, common factors, prime numbers, square numbers and cube numbers. To do so they apply their times table knowledge and their ability to accurately multiply numbers by 1 and itself to this new learning.

Measurement (Area and Perimeter)

Pupils build on their Measurement of Area and Perimeter knowledge in Year 4 Autumn 2, when they calculated the perimeter of a grid, a rectangle and of a rectilinear shape, before progressing onto counting squares to calculate the area of a shape in Spring 1. Now pupils apply this understanding to measuring and calculating the perimeter of shapes using different methods and to calculating the areas of rectangles, compound shapes and irregular shapes.

Autumn 2 concludes with an end of term review of learning which monitors pupils’ attainment and progress to date, highlighting pupils who have gaps in their knowledge and who are to be targeted for intervention next term.

Spring 1

Number (Multiplication and Division)

Spring 1 begins with pupils building on their learning in Year 4 Spring 1, when they multiplied and divided 2-digit and 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers.  Now pupils progress to multiplying and dividing 4-digit numbers by

1-digit numbers.  Once pupils are secure with these skills, they apply this knowledge to multiply 2-digit and

3-digit numbers by 2-digit numbers and then 4-digit numbers by 2-digit numbers, using the most efficient written methods. This unit concludes with pupils developing a secure understanding of dividing numbers when the answers have remainders.

Numbers (Fractions)

Pupils build on their knowledge of Fractions in Year 4 Spring 1, when they understood what a fraction is, identified and calculated equivalent fractions and worked with fractions that are greater than a whole. Now pupils convert between improper fractions and mixed numbers and compare and order fractions less than a whole, before progressing onto comparing and ordering fractions greater than a whole.  This leads into Spring 2 when pupils build on this knowledge further.

Spring 2

Number (Fractions)

Spring 2 begin with a review of the Fractions learning from Spring 1.  Then pupils progress onto applying their addition and subtraction knowledge to add and subtract fractions within a whole and to add and subtract mixed numbers, before adding 3 or more fractions together. Once pupils are secure with these skills, they build on their knowledge of multiplication to multiply unit and non-unit fractions by integers and multiply mixed numbers by integers. Pupils build on their knowledge of calculating fractions of quantities in Year 4 Spring 2 to calculate fractions of amounts accurately. This unit concludes with pupils using fractions as operators and applying their knowledge of Fractions to solve problems within real life contexts.

Number (Decimals)

Pupils build on their knowledge of tenths and hundredths in Year 4 Spring 2 and Summer 1 to now review decimals to 2dp and to accurately convert between decimals and fractions.  Once pupils are secure with these skills, they progress onto developing a secure understanding of thousandths and how thousandths are represented as decimals (0.001). Pupils then apply their knowledge of rounding, ordering and comparing to do so with decimals.  This half term concludes with pupils being introduced to percentages (%) and the relationship between fractions, decimals and percentages. Pupils then convert between these and identify equivalent fractions, decimals and percentages.  This leads into Summer 1, when pupils build on this knowledge of Decimals.

Spring 2 concludes with an end of term review of learning which monitors pupils’ attainment and progress to date, highlighting pupils who have gaps in their knowledge and who are to be targeted for intervention next term.

Summer 1

Number (Decimals)

Summer 1 begins with a review of the Decimal learning in Spring 2. Pupils then build on this knowledge to add and subtract decimals within one whole, before progressing onto adding decimals crossing the whole.  Once pupils are secure with these skills, they add and subtract decimals with the same number of decimal places and then add and subtract decimals with a different number of decimal places.  Pupils apply this knowledge, along with the most efficient methods, to solve decimal problems within real life contexts.  This unit concludes with pupils gaining a deeper understanding of how to multiply and divide by 10, 100 and 1000, with decimals either as the starting value or the answer to the calculation.

Geometry (Properties of Shapes)

Pupils build on their Geometry knowledge of the Properties of Shapes in Year 4 Summer 2, when they identified, ordered and compared angles and studied the properties of triangles and quadrilaterals. Now pupils measure angles in degrees with a protractor, before progressing onto drawing lines and angles accurately. Once pupils are secure with these skills, they calculate the sizes of angles on a straight line and around a point, before calculating the sizes of angles within shapes.  Summer 1 concludes with pupils investigating the properties of regular and irregular polygons and applying their reasoning skills to 3D shapes.

Summer 2

Geometry (Position and Direction)

Summer 2 begins with pupils building on their knowledge of Position and Direction in Year 4 Summer 2, when they described positions on a grid, drew positions accurately on a grid, identified lines of symmetry and applied this understanding to complete symmetric figures.  Now pupils apply this knowledge to identify positions within the first quadrant, before progressing onto translating and reflecting points and shapes within this quadrant and with coordinates.

Measurement (Mass, Capacity and Volume)

This half term concludes with pupils deepening their Measurement knowledge. This begins with pupils building on their knowledge of kilometres in Year 4 Summer 2.  Now pupils understand how to convert between kilograms and kilometres and mililitres and milimetres. Once pupils are secure with these skills, they progress onto understanding the relationship between metric units and imperial units. This unit concludes with pupils converting between units of time and deepening their understanding of timetables. Pupils then progress onto building on their knowledge of Volume, when they review what volume is before comparing and estimating volumes and estimating different capacities.

Summer 2 concludes with an end of year review of learning, which monitors pupils’ attainment and progress at the end of Year 5. This data also inform the next academic year’s whole school areas for development, which is included within the Mathematics Action Plan. The knowledge that our pupils gain in Year 5 forms the foundations of their learning in Year 6 and beyond. Due to this, a review of learning takes place in Autumn 1 of Year 6 to ensure that pupils are ready for their new learning.